Shingle



May 17, 1938. Q B PAYNE 2,117,624

SHINGLE yFiled Feb. 7, 1930 Mi- TTM ATTORNEY.

Patented May 17, 1938 UNITED STATES SHINGLE Gerald B. Payne, Scranton, Pa., assigner to The Patent and Licensing Corporation, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Massachusetts Application February 7, 1930, serial No. 426,601

2 Claims. (Cl. 10S-1) This invention relates to roofing shingles and more particularly to shingles made from composition roofing material.

An object of the invention is to provide a roofing shingle oi simple construction which can be laid in successive courses to give the appearance of shingles laid according to what,is known as the American method, with the adjacent shingles of each course interlockngly intertted with another, and so secured in place as to insure against any tendency of the exposed portions of the shingles being lifted under the action of wind.

Another object is'toV provide a shingle of the type described in which the interlockingly intertting portions are formed in such a way as to permit the shingles to be laid with the butt edges of the shingles of each course extending in substantially continuous unbroken lines parallel to the cave line of the roof.

Another object is to provide a shingle, as set` forth, which can be cut from a sheet without waste and be laid up very rapidly without requiring special skill on the part of the workman to intert the adjacent shingles properly.

Still another object is to provide a shingle requiring a minimum quantity of material to cover a. given area of surface consistent with adequate protection, and to proportion the shingles and their interlocking parts so as to permit covering a given area with fewer shingles than ordinarily required.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a plan View showing several courses of the shingles as they appear when laid,

Figure 2 is a cross-section 'through several of the adjacent shingles in a course, taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a. cross-section taken along linev 3--3 Of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a view in perspective of one of the shingles.

The shingles constructed according to the invention are preferably made from prepared as phalt roofing consisting of a felted fibrous base. impregnated with water-resistant material, such as asphalt, and coated on one or both of its surfaces with blown asphalt or equivalent weatherproof substance in which crushed slate or other comminuted wear-resistant mineral may be partially embedded to provide a iinsh surface as customary in this type of roofing.

According to -the invention the shingles are of rectangular shape with the major axis thereof extending in the direction of the butt-edge of the shingles. One of the lower corners of the shingle is cut away "'tprovide a right angular notch or recess I I, one edge I2 of which is parallel to the upper edge 'I3 and butt-edge I4 of the shingle, the other edge I5 of the recess being parallel to the lateral edges I6, I1 of the shingle. The edge I5 of the notch is spaced inwardly of the edge I6 a distance corresponding to the amount of overlap between adjacent shingles in each course. Preferably, the edge I5 of the notch is one-half the length of the edge I2. Atl the end of the shingle opposite the notch I l, there is a rectangular tab or projection I8, extending laterally beyond the edge I1 of the shingle. This tab has an upper edge I9, equal in length to the edge I2 of the notch I i, and extending at a right angle to the side edges of the shingle and in alignment with the edge I2 of the notch. The terminal edge 20 of the tab extends at a right angle to the edge I9. and is parallel with the edge I5 of the notch and the side edges I6, I'l

of the shingle. Since the opposite ends of the shingle are thus mutually complemental, the shingles may be cutl from a sheet of prepared roong without waste, except for a negligible quantity at the end of the sheet.

In order to derive the maximum economy of which shingles constructed as described, are susceptible, I prefer that the major horizontal axis of the shingle, namely, the distance between the edges I6 and I'I, be about one and one-half times the distance between the upper and lower edges of the shingle, so that when laid upon a roof in successive courses, as shown in Figure l, each shingle may safely be exposed for a distance as much as two-thirds the height of the shingle. The adjacent shingles of each course will be interfltted in such manner that the projection I8 of each shingle, extends beneath the edge I5 of the adjacent shingle, the latter being overlaid by the first named shingle, so that the edge Il of each shingle is in substantially vertical alignment with the edge I5 of its adjacent shingle. In order to secure the shingles properly, a nail or other fastening device is driven through each shingle, at a point indicated at 2|, located approximately at the center of the tab or projection I8, and another nail is driven through the shingle near Vthe upper edge thereof and adjacent the edge Il at a point indicated by the numeral 22. With two nails thus driven through a shingle, every shingle will be penetrated by four nails, two being those driven through the 1shingle at the points mentioned, another being the nail driven through the point corresponding to the point 22 of the adjacent shingle in the same course, and the fourth nail being the nail driven through the adjacent shingle in the overlying course at the point corresponding to 2I. In this way, the shingles are held firmly in place, each of the shingles being nailed adjacent one end of the butt edge thereof, while the other end of butt edge is held securely in a flat position by the interlocking arrangement with its adjacent shingle in the same course in a manner to permit each shingle to accommodate itself to the expansion and contraction of the roof boards without buckling.

The shingles, as thus laid, present an attractive appearance of what is known as the American method of laying with the exposed butt edges of each course in continuous unbroken lines.

In order to facilitate the work of laying the shingles, I prefer to form a notch 24 in the edge II of each shingle, to indicate to the Workman the extent of overlap of successive courses, and a similar notch 25 in the upper edge I3 of each shingle in vertical alignment with the edge I5 of the notch II, so as to ensure every shingle being laid true.

To illustrate specifically an economical proportioning of a shingle constructed according to the invention, the shingles may be eighteen inches long, between edges I6 and I'I and twelve inches in height, with the projection I8 measuring four inches in length and two inches in height. With shingles dimensioned as indicated, each course may be exposed eight inches with ample security against leakage of the roof.

It will be understood, of course, that the shingle elements constructed according to the invention may be used for covering the side wall of buildings as well as for roof surfaces.

I claim as my invention:

1. A roof comprising a plurality of composition shingles, each of said shingles being substantially rectangular in shape having a nail flap extending laterally from the lower corner at one side of the shingle, and a notch cut-out of the lower corner at the opposite side of the shingle, the notch and flap each having a straight horizontal upper edge extending the full length thereof and the said upper horizontal edge of the notch and of the flap of each shingle being parallel to the butt end of the shingle, the flap of each shingle being integral with the body over the full depth of the ap, one of said shingles having a nail through said flap, and the next horizontally adjacent shingle having its vertical edge above said notch inserted under the vertical edge of the rst shingle down to said ap and having the notch in the second shingle placed around the upper juncture of the flap with the rst shingle to permit the butt end of the second shingle to be aligned in, the same line including the butt end of the rst shingle, and having a. nail through the flap of the second shingle, and succeeding shingles similarly assembled one with the other to form a continuous row across the roof, and a second row of shinglesl overlapping the rst row from above.

2. A roof comprising a plurality of composition shingles, each of said shingles being substantially rectangular in shape having a nail flap extending laterally from the lowercorner at one side of the shingle, and having a notch cut-out of the lower corner at the opposite side of the shingle, the notch and ap each having a straight horizontal upper edge extending the full length thereof and the said upper horizontal edge of the notch and of the flap of each shingle being in longitudinal alignment and substantially parallel to the butt end of the shingle, the flap of each shingle being integral with the body over the full depth of the flap,.one of said shingles having a nail through said flap, and the next horizontally adjacent shingle having its vertical edge above said notch inserted under the vertical edge of the rst shingle down to said ilap and having the notch in the second shingle placed around the upper juncture of the flap with the rst shingle to permit the butt end of the second shingle to be aligned in the same line including the butt end of the first shingle, and having a nail through the flap of the second shingle, and succeeding shingles similarly assembled one with the other to form a continuous row across the roof, and a second row of shingles overlapping the first row from above.

GERALD B. PAYNE. 

